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Compare Hong Kong (2001) - Western Sahara (2003)

Compare Hong Kong (2001) z Western Sahara (2003)

 Hong Kong (2001)Western Sahara (2003)
 Hong KongWestern Sahara
Administrative divisions none (special administrative region of China) none (under de facto control of Morocco)
Age structure 0-14 years:
17.73% (male 677,785; female 600,781)

15-64 years:
71.52% (male 2,554,329; female 2,602,662)

65 years and over:
10.75% (male 354,199; female 420,749) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: NA%


15-64 years: NA%


65 years and over: NA% (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products fresh vegetables; poultry fruits and vegetables (grown in the few oases); camels, sheep, goats (kept by nomads)
Airports 3 (2000 est.) 11 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways total:
3

over 3,047 m:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 8


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 4


under 914 m: 3 (2002)
Area total:
1,092 sq km

land:
1,042 sq km

water:
50 sq km
total: 266,000 sq km


land: 266,000 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative six times the size of Washington, DC about the size of Colorado
Background Occupied by the UK in 1841, Hong Kong was formally ceded by China the following year; various adjacent lands were added later in the 19th century. Pursuant to an agreement signed by China and the UK on 19 December 1984, Hong Kong became the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China on 1 July 1997. In this agreement, China has promised that, under its "one country, two systems" formula, China's socialist economic system will not be practiced in Hong Kong and that Hong Kong will enjoy a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense affairs for the next 50 years. Morocco virtually annexed the northern two-thirds of Western Sahara (formerly Spanish Sahara) in 1976, and the rest of the territory in 1979, following Mauritania's withdrawal. A guerrilla war with the Polisario Front contesting Rabat's sovereignty ended in a 1991 UN-brokered cease-fire; a UN-organized referendum on final status has been repeatedly postponed.
Birth rate 11.13 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget revenues:
$20.8 billion

expenditures:
$24.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY99/00)
revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
Capital - none
Climate tropical monsoon; cool and humid in winter, hot and rainy from spring through summer, warm and sunny in fall hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew
Coastline 733 km 1,110 km
Constitution Basic Law approved in March 1990 by China's National People's Congress is Hong Kong's "mini-constitution" -
Country name conventional long form:
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

conventional short form:
Hong Kong

local long form:
Xianggang Tebie Xingzhengqu

local short form:
Xianggang

abbreviation:
HK
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Western Sahara


former: Spanish Sahara
Currency Hong Kong dollar (HKD) Moroccan dirham (MAD)
Death rate 6.02 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external $48.1 billion (1999) $NA
Dependency status special administrative region of China -
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Consul General Michael KLOSSON

consulate(s) general:
26 Garden Road, Hong Kong

mailing address:
PSC 464, Box 30, FPO AP 96522-0002

telephone:
[852] 2523-9011

FAX:
[852] 2845-1598
none
Diplomatic representation in the US none (special administrative region of China) none
Disputes - international none Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, but sovereignty remains unresolved; UN-administered cease-fire has remained in effect since September 1991, but attempts to hold a referendum have failed and parties have rejected other proposals; Mauritanian claims to Western Sahara have been dormant in recent years; Morocco allowed Spanish fishermen to fish temporarily off the coast of Western Sahara after an oil spill soiled Spanish fishing grounds
Economic aid - recipient - $NA
Economy - overview Hong Kong has a bustling free market economy highly dependent on international trade. Natural resources are limited, and food and raw materials must be imported. Indeed, imports and exports, including reexports, each exceed GDP in dollar value. Even before Hong Kong reverted to Chinese administration on 1 July 1997 it had extensive trade and investment ties with China. Per capita GDP compares with the level in the four big countries of Western Europe. GDP growth averaged a strong 5% in 1989-97. The widespread Asian economic difficulties in 1998 hit this trade-dependent economy quite hard, with GDP down 5%. The economy is undergoing a rapid recovery, with growth of 10% in 2000 to be followed by projected growth of 5% in 2001. Western Sahara depends on pastoral nomadism, fishing, and phosphate mining as the principal sources of income for the population. The territory lacks sufficient rainfall for sustainable agricultural production, and most of the food for the urban population must be imported. All trade and other economic activities are controlled by the Moroccan Government. Moroccan energy interests in 2001 signed contracts to explore for oil off the coast of Western Sahara, which has angered the Polisario. Incomes and standards of living in Western Sahara are substantially below the Moroccan level.
Electricity - consumption 32.202 billion kWh (1999) 83.7 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 633 million kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 7.05 billion kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 27.726 billion kWh (1999) 90 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
South China Sea 0 m

highest point:
Tai Mo Shan 958 m
lowest point: Sebjet Tah -55 m


highest point: unnamed location 463 m
Environment - current issues air and water pollution from rapid urbanization sparse water and lack of arable land
Environment - international agreements party to:
Marine Dumping (associate member), Ship Pollution (associate member)
party to: none of the selected agreements


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Chinese 95%, other 5% Arab, Berber
Exchange rates Hong Kong dollars per US dollar - 7.7990 (January 2001), 7.7912 (2000), 7.7575 (1999), 7.7453 (1998), 7.7421 (1997), 7.7343 (1996); note - Hong Kong became a special administrative region of China on 1 July 1997; before then, the Hong Kong dollar was linked to the US dollar at the rate of about 7.8 Hong Kong dollars per US dollar Moroccan dirhams per US dollar - 11.584 (2002), 11.303 (2001), 10.626 (2000), 9.804 (1999), 9.604 (1998), 9.527 (1997)
Executive branch chief of state:
President of China JIANG Zemin (since 27 March 1993)

head of government:
Chief Executive TUNG Chee-hwa (since 1 July 1997)

cabinet:
Executive Council consists of three ex-officio members and 10 appointed members; ex-officio members are: Chief Secretary Anson CHAN (since 29 November 1993), Financial Secretary Donald TSANG (since 7 March 1995), and Secretary of Justice Elsie LEUNG (since 1 July 1997)

elections:
NA
none
Exports $204 billion (including reexports; f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA (2001)
Exports - commodities clothing, textiles, footwear, electrical appliances, watches and clocks, toys phosphates 62%
Exports - partners China 33%, US 24%, Japan 5%, UK 4%, Germany, Singapore (1999) Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March calendar year
Flag description red with a stylized, white, five-petal bauhinia flower in the center -
GDP purchasing power parity - $181 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $NA
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
0.1%

industry:
14.3%

services:
85.6% (1999 est.)
agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: 40% (1996 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $25,400 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $NA
GDP - real growth rate 10% (2000 est.) NA%
Geographic coordinates 22 15 N, 114 10 E 24 30 N, 13 00 W
Geography - note more than 200 islands the waters off the coast are particularly rich fishing areas
Heliports 2 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
1,831 km

paved:
1,831 km

unpaved:
0 km (1997)
total: 6,200 km


paved: 1,350 km


unpaved: 4,850 km (1991 est)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs a hub for Southeast Asian heroin and regional stimulants trade; transshipment and money-laundering center; increasing indigenous amphetamine abuse -
Imports $215 billion (f.o.b., 2000) NA (2001)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs, transport equipment, raw materials, semimanufactures, petroleum; a large share is reexported fuel for fishing fleet, foodstuffs
Imports - partners China 44%, Japan 12%, US 7%, Taiwan 7%, South Korea, Singapore (1999) Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts (2000)
Independence none (special administrative region of China) -
Industrial production growth rate 2.1% (2000) NA%
Industries textiles, clothing, tourism, electronics, plastics, toys, watches, clocks phosphate mining, handicrafts
Infant mortality rate 5.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.7% (2000 est.) NA%
International organization participation APEC, AsDB, BIS, CCC, ESCAP (associate), ICC, ICFTU, IMO (associate), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, ISO (correspondent), WCL, WMO, WToO (associate), WTrO none
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 17 (2000) 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 20 sq km (1997 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch The Court of Final Appeal in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region -
Labor force 3.39 million (2000 est.) 12,000
Labor force - by occupation wholesale and retail trade, restaurants, and hotels 31.5%, community and social services 24%, financing, insurance, and real estate 14.5%, transport and communications 11.6%, manufacturing 7.7%, construction 2.6% (October 1999) animal husbandry and subsistence farming 50%
Land boundaries total:
30 km

border countries:
China 30 km
total: 2,046 km


border countries: Algeria 42 km, Mauritania 1,561 km, Morocco 443 km
Land use arable land:
6%

permanent crops:
1%

permanent pastures:
1%

forests and woodland:
20%

other:
72% (1997 est.)
arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages Chinese (Cantonese), English; both are official Hassaniya Arabic, Moroccan Arabic
Legal system based on English common law -
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council or LEGCO (60 seats; 30 indirectly elected by functional constituencies, 24 elected by popular vote, and 6 elected by an 800-member election committee; members serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 10 September 2000 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Democratic Party 12, Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong 10, Liberal Party 7, Frontier Party 5, Hong Kong Progressive Alliance 4, New Century Forum 2, Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood 1, independents 19
-
Life expectancy at birth total population:
79.67 years

male:
76.97 years

female:
82.55 years (2001 est.)
total population: NA years


male: NA years


female: NA years (2003 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over has ever attended school

total population:
92.2%

male:
96%

female:
88.2% (1996 est.)
definition: NA


total population: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%
Location Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and China Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Mauritania and Morocco
Map references Southeast Asia Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea:
3 NM
contingent upon resolution of sovereignty issue
Merchant marine total:
354 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 10,330,662 GRT/17,227,315 DWT

ships by type:
barge carrier 1, bulk 208, cargo 36, chemical tanker 7, combination bulk 2, container 59, liquefied gas 6, multi-functional large-load carrier 2, petroleum tanker 26, refrigerated cargo 3, short-sea passenger 1, vehicle carrier 3

note:
includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Bermuda 2, Belgium 1, Canada 2, China 9, Japan 3, Mongolia 1, Norway 1, South Africa 1, UK 7 (2000 est.)
-
Military - note defense is the responsibility of China -
Military branches Hong Kong garrison of China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) including elements of the PLA Ground Forces, PLA Navy, and PLA Air Force; these forces are under the direct leadership of the Central Military Commission in Beijing and under administrative control of the adjacent Guangzhou Military Region -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA; note - separate budget for Hong Kong not established by China $NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% NA%
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
2,020,937 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
1,520,531 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
47,139 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday National Day (Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China), 1 October (1949); note - 1 July 1997 is celebrated as Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Establishment Day -
Nationality noun:
Chinese

adjective:
Chinese
noun: Sahrawi(s), Sahraoui(s)


adjective: Sahrawian, Sahraouian
Natural hazards occasional typhoons hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of time, often severely restricting visibility
Natural resources outstanding deepwater harbor, feldspar phosphates, iron ore
Net migration rate 7.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Political parties and leaders Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood [Frederick FUNG Kin-kee, chairman]; Citizens Party [leader NA]; Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong [Jasper TSANG Yok-sing, chairman]; Democratic Party [Martin LEE Chu-ming, chairman]; Frontier Party [Emily LAU Wai-hing, chairwoman]; Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood [leader NA]; Hong Kong Progressive Alliance [Ambrose LAU Hon-chuen]; Liberal Party [James TIEN Pei-chun, chairman]; New Century Forum [NQ Ching-fai, chairman]

note:
political blocs include: pro-democracy - Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood, Citizens Party, Democratic Party, Frontier Party; pro-Beijing - Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Progressive Alliance, Liberal Party, New Century Forum
-
Political pressure groups and leaders Chinese General Chamber of Commerce (pro-China); Chinese Manufacturers' Association of Hong Kong; Confederation of Trade Unions (pro-democracy) [LAU Chin-shek, president; LEE Cheuk-yan, general secretary]; Federation of Hong Kong Industries; Federation of Trade Unions (pro-China) [LEE Chark-tim, president]; Hong Kong Alliance in Support of the Patriotic Democratic Movement in China [Szeto WAH, chairman]; Hong Kong and Kowloon Trade Union Council (pro-Taiwan); Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce; Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union [CHEUNG Man-kwong, president]; Liberal Democratic Federation [HU Fa-kuang, chairman] none
Population 7,210,505 (July 2001 est.) 261,794 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 1.3% (2001 est.) NA% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors Hong Kong Ad Dakhla, Cabo Bojador, Laayoune (El Aaiun)
Radio broadcast stations AM 7, FM 13, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 2, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 4.45 million (1997) -
Railways total:
34 km

standard gauge:
34 km 1.435-m gauge (all electrified) (1996 est.)
0 km
Religions eclectic mixture of local religions 90%, Christian 10% Muslim
Sex ratio at birth:
1.07 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.13 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.84 male(s)/female

total population:
0.99 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
NA (2003 est.)
Suffrage direct election 18 years of age; universal for permanent residents living in the territory of Hong Kong for the past seven years; indirect election limited to about 100,000 members of functional constituencies and an 800-member election committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies none; a UN-sponsored voter identification campaign not yet completed
Telephone system general assessment:
modern facilities provide excellent domestic and international services

domestic:
microwave radio relay links and extensive fiber-optic network

international:
satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Pacific Ocean and 2 Indian Ocean); coaxial cable to Guangzhou, China; access to 5 international submarine cables providing connections to ASEAN member nations, Japan, Taiwan, Australia, Middle East, and Western Europe
general assessment: sparse and limited system


domestic: NA


international: tied into Morocco's system by microwave radio relay, tropospheric scatter, and satellite; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) linked to Rabat, Morocco
Telephones - main lines in use 3.839 million (1999) about 2,000 (1999 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular 3.7 million (December 1999) 0 (1999)
Television broadcast stations 4 (plus two repeaters) (1997) NA
Terrain hilly to mountainous with steep slopes; lowlands in north mostly low, flat desert with large areas of rocky or sandy surfaces rising to small mountains in south and northeast
Total fertility rate 1.29 children born/woman (2001 est.) NA children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate 4.5% (2000 est.) NA%
Waterways none none
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